Thursday, July 05, 2007

Townsend Letter: (July 2007) "Hazards of WiFi" or "WiFi Blues"

Wireless broadband Internet access is all the rage.
The noise is drowning out concerns for this technology's risks.


Philadelphia, the city of brotherly love is going to have it; many in San Francisco want it: wireless broadband Internet access (WiFi)1 seems too good to be true. At relatively low cost, anyone can get on the Internet anywhere in a city. All the city needs to do is install a network of WiFi antennas. An often-repeated argument in favor of citywide WiFi is that it will help close the digital divide, since the poorer you are, the more limited your access to the Internet and its wealth of information resources. Cities like Philadelphia and San Francisco are actively trying to close the digital gap. One option is WiFi.

Yet, in weighing the options, virtually nothing is heard about the potential health risks. Saturating an entire city with WiFi adds to the existing burden of radio frequency radiation (RFR). That burden, called electrosmog 2 by some, consists of long-term, low-level exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation in the radio frequency and microwave range from familiar sources like radio and TV broadcast signals, radar, and the ubiquitous cell phone.

Health Risks
Henry Lai, PhD, has been researching the biological and health effects of RFR for 35 years. His research focuses on the effects of RFR in the range used by cell phones and other wireless technologies. His laboratory at the University of Washington in Seattle is the single remaining lab in the US that conducts such research. Ten years ago, Dr. Lai's laboratory was one of four.

There is no funding in the United States for research of the biological and health effects of RFR and electromagnetic fields (EMF). No foundation, government agency, or corporation will lay down money to help clarify the science behind concerns about WiFi, cell phones, and other wireless devices. Dr. Lai keeps his lab going by doing cancer research, some of it concerning the use of electromagnetic radiation to treat cancer.

In Europe, there are many well-funded projects in RFR research. Citizens are more organized. Public figures have championed the issue. And the European Union has a much greater public health orientation than the United States. These days we have to rely on the Europeans for the science of wireless technology health risks. 3

It was not always so. For example, in the early 1990s, the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association (CTIA) came up with $25 million for research into the potential health effects of cell phones. The CTIA is the cell phone industry's trade organization. Their intention was to lay concerns about cell phones to rest. The Wireless Technology Research (WTR) program administered the funds and research program. When the $25 million was spent, the WTR final report submitted in 2000 recommended further study. The CTIA cut a deal with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to spend another $1 million to review further research. 4 The money is still there. The FDA has been waiting since 1999 when the deal with CTIA was cut to spend the money. According to the FDA website, "the FDA plans to convene a meeting in the near future to evaluate all completed, ongoing, and planned research, looking at health effects associated with the use of wireless communication devices, and to identify knowledge gaps that may warrant additional research." 5

Initially, the WTR found no cause for concern. But in 1995, Dr. Lai and his colleague NP Singh, PhD, found that exposing the brain cells of rats to RFR at a level similar to cell phones produced breaks in strands of DNA. Their discovery was a turning point in the research and in the CTIA's enthusiasm for the project. Dr. Lai and Dr. Singh had uncovered a mechanism that explained how RFR exposure might cause health effects. 6

Since 1990, Dr. Lai has maintained a database of research on the effects of RFR on humans, lab animals, and cell cultures. He has amassed over 300 studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. To avoid bias, he excludes his own research from the database. Of these studies, 56% show a biological or health effect 7 from exposure to RFR. These effects include the following:

• cancer;8
• genetic effects, such as to DNA;9
• cellular and molecular effects, such as reduction in enzymes critical to the central nervous system;10
• changes in electrophysiology, such as reduced activity between nerve cells;11 and
• physiological and behavioral changes, such as impairment of peripheral vision.12

Biased Research?
An interesting thing happens when the studies from Dr. Lai's database are placed in two stacks: one stack containing studies funded by the wireless industry (30% of the studies), the other stack of independently funded studies (70%). Of the studies that show a biological or health effect from wireless RFR, 14% are industry-funded, while 86% are independently funded. Of studies showing no effect, 49% are industry-funded, while 51% are independently funded.

To make the point another way, of industry-funded studies, only 27% found an RFR effect. Independently funded studies found an RFR effect 68% of the time. This discrepancy is consistent among the effects listed. Of studies that found an effect on cancer, 11% were industry-funded; 47% were independently funded. Cellular and molecular effects: 19% industry, 69% independent. Electrophysiology effects: 33% industry, 77% independent. Physiological and behavioral effects: 57% industry, 83% independent.

If Dr. Lai's research were included in the tally, the percent of studies showing an effect from RFR would be even greater. But when Dr. Lai is asked about these statistics, he often says that 50% of the studies show an effect. And then he points out that 50% is a significant number, significant enough to justify a precautionary approach that minimizes exposures.

The differences between the industry-funded stack of studies and the independently funded stack suggest bias. Bias enters research through the way a study is designed, the methods used in the study, how data is collected, and how results are interpreted. It might be that some independently funded researchers are biased because they are consumed by a burning passion to eliminate RFR exposures or, even more sinister, destroy the wireless industry. They might have consciously or unconsciously designed their studies, chosen methods, collected data, and interpreted the results to show health effects from RFR. However, the rewards for doing so are not great. Many researchers who advise precaution regarding RFR have been ostracized, or their research funding has been slashed. Careers have been stalled and, in some cases, terminated – hardly circumstances that would encourage jumping on that particular bandwagon. 13

The rewards for producing industry-friendly results are obvious: funding, professional recognition, a clear career path, and employment opportunities in industry. This is not to say that these researchers are dishonest. It is to say that rewards are more likely as a consequence of producing the "right" answers. In other words, researchers typically aren't corrupted into conducting biased research. More often they're already biased, and the rewards flow to them as a consequence. 14

Within each group, whether industry- or independently funded, results don't always agree – some studies show an effect, while others do not, regardless of who did the funding. That difference suggests another kind of problem: scientists don't know enough yet to conduct decisive experiments that can produce something like a professional consensus regarding the biological and health effects of wireless RFR. Many of the scientists who work in this field and who believe that there's ample reason for concern will say that the science is not yet conclusive. 15 This drives some activists crazy. Yet it is a true statement about the state of the science.

We should not be surprised that this lack of conclusive science has led the wireless industry to claim that cell phones and other wireless technologies are safe. The FDA is with them, stating that "[t]he available scientific evidence does not show that any health problems are associated with using wireless phones. There is no proof, however, that wireless phones are absolutely safe." 16 This carefully constructed statement is intended to reassure us. Yet Dr. Lai's database puts the lie to the first sentence: it's simply false. The framework set up for us is that a technology should be adopted, unless there's conclusive evidence that it does harm. Not all regulatory agencies think this way.

The UK's equivalent to the FDA, the Health Protection Agency (HPA), has declared a voluntary moratorium on marketing cell phones to children as a precautionary measure.17 The moratorium has so far been observed by the UK cell phone industry. The HPA opens its discussion of the health risks from cell phones with the following statement:

There is a large body of scientific evidence relating to exposure to radio waves, and there are thousands of published scientific papers covering studies of exposed tissue samples (e.g., cells), animals, and people. It is not difficult to find contradictory results in the literature, and an important role of the HPA Radiological Protection Division (RPD) is to develop judgments on the totality of the evidence in controversial areas of the science. 18

Unlike the FDA, the HPA points to contra-dictory science regarding cell phone radiation. The reassurance is that they're paying attention, not that cell phones very likely don't cause harm. The HPA goes on to cite the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB), which reviews the science and recommends standards. The NRPB, and with it the HPA, explicitly adopt a precautionary standard. With regard to children, the NRPB's 2004 report recommends that "…in the absence of new scientific evidence, the recommendation in the Stewart Report on limiting the use of mobile phones by children remains appropriate as a precautionary measure." 19

In 2004, the International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) decided that they would not permit cell phone antennas on firehouses. The decision was made by resolu-tion at the IAFF's annual delegate assembly. The resolution directed the IAFF to review the potential health risks from cell antennas. If the science demonstrated a risk, then the union would oppose the use of fire stations as sites for cell antennas until further science demonstrated that cell antennas are safe. 20 The resolution was passed in August 2004. In April 2005, the union's Health and Safety Department completed the review of the science. They found more than ample evidence to conclude that the union should oppose cell antennas on fire stations. The position paper included 49 references and a bibliography of 40 citations. 21 Based on that evidence, the resolution cites a wide range of effects experienced by fire fighters:

• slowed reaction times,
• lack of focus,
• lack of impulse control,
• severe headaches,
• anesthesia-like sleep,
• sleep deprivation,
• depression,
• tremors, and
• vertigo. 22

Three things are worth noting about the substance of the resolution and the union's official position. First, the firefighters were focused on their ability to do their job. Second, firefighters were involuntarily exposed to a health risk. And third, the firefighters oppose cell antennas on fire stations until they are proven safe.

The decision that the firefighters faced – a decision we all face – is how to evaluate the safety of wireless technologies and decide what level of involuntary risk we are willing to take:23

• use it unless there's good evidence that it's harmful,
• or don't use it until there's good evidence that it's safe.

So consider this: 47% of independently funded studies found cancer effects, 69% found effects on cell function, 77% found effects on electrical signaling in the body, and 83% found physiological and behavioral effects. Suppose you have several hundred marine biologists study your swimming pool. Forty-seven percent (or 69% or 77% or 83%) of the biologists say you've got a shark in your pool. Would you dive in? Would you let your kids dive in? 24

RFR Exposures
Citywide WiFi is only the latest RFR wireless technology to place us involuntarily at risk. Cell phone networks are the best-known; these include personal digital assistants (PDAs) such as the Blackberry™. Wireless networks at home and at the office are newer than cell phones and are another RFR exposure. Even if you don't have one, your neighbor might, and that will expose you. Also relatively new are the Bluetooth technologies used for applications such as hands-free telephone headsets that operate using RFR. The familiar cordless phone is another RFR exposure that might put you at as much risk as a cell phone. 25

What these technologies share is reciprocal receiving and transmitting of RFR signals between an end-user device and antennas that link the device to a network. There are three characteristics of these RFR signals that are believed to contribute to the biological and health effects of wireless technologies: signal strength, frequency, and modulation. 26

Citywide WiFi uses a signal strength similar to cell phones. Signal strength is measured in watts, a standard unit of energy. Wireless networks for the home and office have less signal strength (although they can be increased with boosters), while Bluetooth devices and cordless phones have even less strength.

All these technologies use roughly the same frequency band: 0.3 to 3 GHz. GHz stands for gigahertz. A hertz is a standard measure of electromagnetic radiation created by sending an alternating electrical current through an antenna that is one cycle per second. A gigahertz is one billion cycles per second. The higher the GHz, the faster the current alternates.

An alternative way of measuring RFR is in wavelength. Wavelengths have an exact and inverse relationship to frequency: higher frequencies correspond to shorter wavelengths. Visible light is electromagnetic radiation with higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than RFR, with red light having a lower frequency and longer wavelength than blue light.

Modulation refers to whether the signal comes at a constant frequency (as in AM radio and analog cell phone systems) or in pulses (as in FM radio and digital cell phones). All digital wireless technologies are pulsed.

Risk increases with signal strength. The frequencies used by wireless technologies are to some extent "ideal" for affecting our bodies because the wavelengths are at a human scale. Digital (pulsed) signals are of greater risk than analog signals. 27

Short-term, high-intensity exposures to wireless RFR have received the most research attention, in particular the acute affects of cell phones. Far fewer studies have looked at long-term effects of cell phone use let alone the use of other wireless devices. Even less-studied are the effects of the low-intensity, persistent exposure to RFR from cell phone and WiFi antennas.

Electrohypersensitivity
Much of the discussion about RFR health effects is framed as a concern for people who are electrohypersensitive. Unlike immune-mediated hyper-sensitivity that responds to allergens, electrohypersensitivity is a reaction to nonionizing electromagnetic radiation from video display monitors, cell phones, cordless phones, wireless routers, or other RFR source. Characteristic symptoms of electrohypersensitivity can include any of the following: 28

• localized heat and tingling,
• dry upper respiratory tract and eye irritation,
• brain fog, headache, and nausea,
• swollen mucus membranes,
• muscle and joint pain,
• heart palpitations, and
• progressively severe sensitivity to light.

Critics argue that electro-hypersensitivity is not a physical ailment but a psychological one. Research led by Olle Johansson, MD, at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm identified changes in mast cells in electrohyper-sensi-tives. 29 So Dr. Johansson exposed rats to RFR exposures similar to his human subjects, assuming that the rat psyche is not predisposed to produce the symptoms of electrohypersensitivity. The study produced results similar to what he found in human subjects: enlarged mast cells aggregated close to the surface of the skin. Dr. Johansson went further and tested both electrohypersensitive and nonsensitive human subjects in similar exposures. Though the nonsensitives had no hypersensitivity symptoms, the mast cells in their skin showed the same behavior as electrohypersensitives, although the effect was less severe. 30 Based on this research, Dr. Johansson and his colleague Shabnam Gangi proposed one mechanism for the health effects of RFR as an immunological response, hypothesizing as to how this mechanism affects internal organs such as the cardiovascular and neurological systems. 31

In The Hidden Disease,32 Finnish journalist Gunni Nordström associates electrohypersensitivity with multiple chemical sensitivity and chronic fatigue syndrome. People in Sweden made electrohypersensitivity a public health issue when cathode ray tube-based video display monitors were introduced into offices. The rise of Silicon Valley – both in the original Silicon Valley and the many Silicon Valleys that have developed around the world – gave rise to similar health effects among computer-manufacturing workers. Researchers observed a relation-ship between materials used in products and their synergistic reaction with electromagnetic radiation. 33 But both funding for research and data collection on occupational health quickly dried up when these issues came to light.
Electrohypersensitives are not an unlucky few. They are likely harbingers in a complex landscape of environmental risks. Just like any other environmental stressor, RFR affects some people more than others. And as with other environmental stressors, the greater the overall burden, the greater the risk of becoming one of the "unlucky few."

Citywide WiFi adds to the existing burden of RFR.34 Just as burning more fossil fuels adds to the level of smog, adding more RFR adds to the level of electrosmog. You don't have to expose your home or your city to the increased burden created by WiFi. There's a viable alternative: a wired Internet access and network. The hype might make it seem less convenient and more expensive. But what's a good night's sleep – or reducing your risk of cancer – worth? 35



Notes
1. See the Wireless Philadelphia and San Francisco TechConnect websites: Wireless Philadelphia accessed October 5, 2006 at http://www.wirelessphiladelphia.org. and San Francisco TechConnect accessed October 5, 2006 at http://www.sfgov.org/techconnect.

2. The term is more familiar in Europe than in the US because of the greater political attention paid to the issue by citizen groups and politicians who support them. Beginning in Sweden in the 1980s, citizens suffering from electrohypersensitivity have been vocal advocates for research into the health risks from nonionizing electromagnetic radiation and for the reduction of electrosmog. See Swedish Association for the Electrosensitive website: Swedish Association for the Electrosensitive accessed October 5, 2006 at http://www.feb.se/index_int.htm.

3. Slesin, Louis. EMF Health News. Your Own Health And Fitness. L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2006: 60 minutes.

4. Carlo G, Schram M. Cell Phone: Invisible Hazards in the Wireless Age: An Insider's Alarming Discoveries About Cancer and Genetic Damage. New York, NY: Carroll & Graf; 2001.

5. FDA. Cell Phone Facts: Consumer Information on Wireless Phones. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/wireless/braincancer040606.html . Accessed July 3, 2006

6. The original Lai and Singh research was published in 1995 (Lai H, Singh NP. Acute low-intensity microwave exposure increases DNA single-strand breaks in rat brain cells. Bioelectromagnetics. 1995. 16: 95-104.). The next year they published a paper showing even more alarming effects on DNA: double DNA strand breaks (Lai H, Singh NP. DNA single- and double-strand DNA breaks in rat brain cells after acute exposure to low-level radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 1996. 69: 513-21.). Subsequent research has confirmed these findings and found that the breaks can persist in cell cultures through multiple mitotic cycles. Gandhi, G. Genetic damage in mobile phone users: some preliminary finding. Ind J Hum Genet. 2005. 11(2): 99-104.

7. The phrase "biological or health effect" is common in this literature. Some research is focused specifically on illness while other research simply looks at effects on the organism which might have a downstream health effect.

8. For example, Hardell L, Carlbert M, Hansson K, Mild KH. Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk of malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997-2003. Int J Oncol. 2006. 28(2): 502-18.

9. For example, Diem E, et al. Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800mhz) in human fibroblasts and in transformed Gfsh-R17 rat granulosa cells in vitro. Mutat Res. 2005. 583: 178-83 and Gandhi G. Genetic damage in mobile phone users: some preliminary finding. Ind J Hum Genet. 2005. 11(2): 99-104.

10. For example, Barteri M, Pala A, Rotella S. Structural and kinetic effects of mobile phone microwaves on acetylcholinesterase activity. Biophys Chem. 2005. 113(3): 245-53.

11. For example, Xu S, et al. Chronic exposure to Gsm 1800-Mhz microwaves reduces excitatory synaptic activity in cultured hippocampal neurons. Neurosci Lett. 2006. 398(3): 253-7.

12. Langer P, et al. Hands-free mobile phone conversation impairs the peripheral visual system to an extent comparable to an alcohol level of 4-5 G 100 Ml. Hum Psychoparmacol. 2005. 20(1): 65-6.

13. A telling example is described in the November 2005 edition of Microwave News: Slesin, L. When enough is never enough: a reproducible EMF effect at 12 Mg. Microwave News. 2005. 25(2): 1-2. Beginning in 1992, seven separate research projects have demonstrated an effect on breast cancer cell metabolism from extremely low electromagnetic radiation, intensities much lower than current standards and well below intensities that are supposed to have any effect. The effect disrupts cell signaling. Each report was ignored. The original researcher was, as Louis Slesin describes it, "drummed out of the EMF profession." The others have had funding cut and endured other harassments. An even more chilling example is described in Gunni Nordström's The Invisible Disease: The Dangers of Environmental Illnesses Caused by Electromagnetic Fields and Chemical Emissions. (New York: O Books. 2004.) She describes how the once-promising career of Olle Johansson, MD, a leading dermatological researcher at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, has been damaged. With over 400 peer-reviewed publications and major discoveries in dermatology, Dr. Johansson has been refused promotion to full professorship, denied research funding, and denied research facilities for his continued interest in RFR health effects and for his advocacy for electrohypersensitives.

14. The notorious example of how pharmaceutical companies shape medical research and medical practice is described by two insiders: Marcia Angell, MD, a former editor at the New England Journal of Medicine and John Abramson, MD, a professor at the Harvard School of Medicine Angell, Marcia. The Truth About the Drug Companies: How They Deceive Us and What to Do About It. New York: Random House; 2004; and Abramson, John. Overdosed America: The Broken Promise of American Medicine. New York: Harper; 2005.

15. Dr. Lai's 2005 review article is a good example. It describes the many issues in the field that remain unresolved: Lai H. Biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. In Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering. G.L. Bowlin and G. Wnek: Taylor & Francis Books; 2005.

16. FDA. Cell Phone Facts: Do Wireless Phones Pose a Health Hazard? Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cellphones/qa.html#22. Accessed July 3, 2006.

17. In April 1999, the UK's Ministry of Health formed the Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones to evaluate the safety of cell phones. Chaired by Sir William Stewart, the commission of independent scientists (which became known as the Stewart Group) reported in May 2000 that enough scientific evidence existed to be concerned about health risks from "subtle effects on biological functions, especially those of the brain." The Stewart Group noted in particular that children would be more susceptible to harm. See the Stewart Group's report: Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones. Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK: National Radiological Protection Board 2000. Available at http://www.iegmp.org.uk. Accessed July 3, 2006.

18. Health Protection Agency. Mobile Telephony and Health: Health Protection Advice. Available at: http://www.hpa.org.uk/radiation/understand/information_sheets/mobile_telephony/health_advice.htm. Accessed July 3, 2006

19. National Radiological Protection Board. Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK: National Radiological Protection Board; 2004: 11.

20. International Association of Fire Fighters. International Association of Fire Fighters, Division of Occupational Health, Safety and Medicine. 2005.

21. Ibid. pp. 13-38. Dr. Lai's database was used as a resource.

22. Ibid. p. 13.

23. For an excellent discussion of how to evaluate environmental risk, see Mary O'Brien's Making Better Environmental Decisions: An Alternative to Risk Assessment . Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press; 2000.

24. Some might rightfully howl at this analogy. An "exposure" to a shark is nothing like an exposure to RFR. No analogy is perfect. So consider another. Hundreds of microbiologists test your pool water for cholera, and 47% find it. Or hundreds of chemists test your pool water for a powerful toxin with both short-term and long-term effects, something like mercury, and 47% find it at various concentrations. Sharks are just so much more dramatic. And the analogy makes the same point: how much agreement among scientists do you need to be assured that something is safe?

25. Although the signal strength from cordless phones is far less than cell phones, people tend to use them for longer periods of time: exposure per unit time is less for the cordless phone, but the total exposure is equivalent to that of a cell phone. A European study found equivalent cancer risks for cell phone users and cordless phone users (Hardell L, Carlbert M and Mild KH. Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk of malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997-2003. Int J Oncol. 2006. 28(2): 502-18.)

26. Lai H. Biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. In Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering . G.L. Bowlin and G. Wnek: Taylor & Francis Books, 2005.

27. Ibid.

28. Johansson O. Screen dermatitis and electrosensitivity: preliminary observations in the human skin. In Electromagnetic Environments and Health in Buildings. D. Clements-Croome. New York: Spon Press; 2004: Chapter 20. Nordström G. The Invisible Disease: The Dangers of Environmental Illnesses Caused by Electromagnetic Fields and Chemical Emissions. New York: O Books; 2004. and Swedish Association for the Electrosensitive. Available at http://www.feb.se/index_int.htm. Accessed October 5, 2006.

29. A mast cell is a type of immune cell that stores histamine crystals, which are released during an allergic response. The skin of the electrohypersensitives Dr. Johansson examined had an abnormally high concentration of mast cells close to the skin's surface that also had high loads of histamine. In other words, these subjects' immune-mediated responses are in a reactive state.

30. Johansson O. Screen dermatitis and electrosensitivity: preliminary observations in the human skin. In Electromagnetic Environments and Health in Buildings. D. Clements-Croome. New York: Spon Press; 2004: Chapter 20, Johansson O, et al. A case of extreme and general cutaneous light sensitivity in combination with so-called 'screen dermatitis' and 'electrosensitivity' – a successful rehabilitation after vitamin a treatment – a case report. Journal of the Autralasian College of Nutrition and Envrionmental Medicine. 1999; 18(1): 13-6.

31. Gangi S and Johansson O. A theoretical model based upon mast cells and histamine to explain the recently proclaimed sensitivity to electric and/or magnetic fields in humans. Medical Hypotheses. 2000; 54(4): 663-71.

32. Nordström G. The Invisible Disease: The Dangers of Environmental Illnesses Caused by Electromagnetic Fields and Chemical Emissions . New York: O Books; 2004.

33. LaDou J. Occupational health in the semiconductor industry. In Challenging the Chip: Labor Rights and Environmental Justice in the Global Electronics Industry . Smith T, Sonnenfeld DA, Pellow DN. Philadelpha, PA: Temple University Press; 2006: Chapter 3.

34. The total burden of already existing electrosmog goes beyond send-receive wireless technologies like WiFi and cell phones and includes pedestrian technologies like radio and television broadcast signals. Research by Dr. Johansson and his colleague Örjan Hallberg at the Karolinska Institute looked at the incidence of cancer and other 20th Century illnesses in Europe and the US and found a striking association between the increase in certain cancers during the 20th Century and exposure to RFR as measured by radio and TV broadcasts. Hallberg O, Johansson O. Cancer trends during the 20th century. Journal of the Autralasian College of Nutrition and Environmental Medicine. 2002a; 21(1): 3-8; Hallberg O, Johansson O. Melanoma incidence and frequency modulation (Fm) broadcasting. Archives of Environmental Health. 2002b; 57(1): 32-40; Hallberg O, Johansson O. Fm broadcasting exposure time and malignant melanoma incidence. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine. 2005; 24: 1-8.

35. The Your Own Health And Fitness radio show (http://www.yourownhealthandfitness.org) has carried several interviews over the past year on RFR health risks and safeguards. Havas, Magda. Dirty Electricity and EMF Health Dangers. Your Own Health And Fitness. L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2006: 60 minutes; Johansson, Olle. The Science of RFR Health Risks. Your Own Health And Fitness . L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2006: 60 minutes; Johansson, Olle and Doug Loranger. Electrosmog. Your Own Health And Fitness. L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2005: 60 minutes; Levitt, B. Blake and Jan Newton. Wireless Public Health Crisis. Your Own Health And Fitness. L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2006: 60 minutes, Sage, Cindy. Smart Exposures: Understanding Risks from EMF and RFR. Your Own Health And Fitness. L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2005: 60 minutes; Sage, Cindy and B. Blake Levitt. Where You're Exposed and What to Do: EMF and RFR. Your Own Health And Fitness. L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2006: 60 minutes; Slesin, Louis. EMF Health News. Your Own Health And Fitness. L. Berman: KPFA 94.1 FM Berkeley, CA. 2006: 60 minutes.

Wednesday, July 04, 2007

Japan Today: Radio Waves Causing "Respiratory problems, diarrhea, headaches, fatigue."

Hello! I am a bit suspicious that all these stomach ailments (colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's Disease) all started with increases in EMR in ourenvironment, WiFi, and cell phones? I talked to a guy who suffered from diarrhea for years - until he got rid of his cell phone and then his diarrhea mysteriously and completely disappeared. A number of stories posted on this list certainly connect intestinal disturbances to exposure to EMR. Sarah Docre had iritable bowel syndrome and a person who started the http://www.newtreatments.org/cfs list also had Crohn's Disease - and I know that with CFS (aka Microwave Sickness) one of my main symptoms was intestinal disturbances.

peace

Art KAB

http://www.japantoday.com/jp/kuchikomi/471

Radio waves causing host of ailments


The symptoms began in 2003, four years after the Hayashis (as we'll call them) moved into a house near high-tension power lines in Fuchu, Hiroshima Prefecture. Stomach pains, diarrhea, headaches, fatigue. The hospital diagnosed clinical depression, but the anti-depressants didn't work, and besides, why should four family members all get depressed simultaneously? To say nothing of the teenage son's chronic colitis and the teenage daughter's asthma. Then the third child, born six months after the family's move in 1999, had to be hospitalized with respiratory problems.

The parents suspected the power lines had something to do with it. They moved again and, says Sunday Mainichi (July 8), most of the symptoms cleared up – though even now when the weather's bad, the daughter can't walk near a cell phone transmission tower without feeling a tightness in her head.

Sadatoshi Okubo, who runs the Electromagnetic Wave Problem Citizens' Research Center in Funabashi, Chiba Prefecture, says the number of people coming to him to talk about similar symptoms began surging five years ago. There occurred another marked increase around the same time, he notes – the number of cell phones in use.

It's too soon to deduce cause and effect, Sunday Mainichi cautions. Nor are cell phones the only potential culprits – far from it. As far back as 1974, scientists in the former USSR identified what they called Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity Syndrome, of which the Hayashis seem typical sufferers. The evidence accumulating since then suggests, without so far conclusively proving, that electromagnetism leaking from power lines or household appliance can cause heartburn, burning eyes, dizziness, fatigue – and possibly cancer.

On June 18, the World Health Organization (WHO) released new environmental health standards that warn of the potential danger of exposure to stray electromagnetism, and advised governments to take preventive measures. Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) promptly set up a working group to discuss regulations pertaining to electromagnetic waves.

Other countries have declined to wait for iron-clad scientific confirmation. Sweden, Sunday Mainichi says, has made it illegal to build houses within 240 meters of high-tension power lines. In Britain, children under nine are forbidden to use cell phones. Researchers in Sweden and Austria fear that by 2017, half of us will be suffering from Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity Syndrome.

Japan's medical establishment, meanwhile, scarcely acknowledges its existence. "It's your imagination, you better see a psychiatrist," 72-year-old Mutsuo Sano of Futtsu, Chiba Prefecture, says doctors told him when he complained of pains severe enough to keep him awake for three days at a time.

It was the Kitazato Research Center Hospital in Tokyo's Minato-ku that finally diagnosed his condition as Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity Syndrome. Now he avoids the likeliest sources of electromagnetic leaks, but finds that stray current is pretty much ubiquitous. He's moved six times in as many years. He doesn't use a cell phone or a personal computer, and he watches TV from at least six meters away. He'd like to travel, he says, but is understandably afraid to.

METI's report is expected this fall. "Let's hope they manage to come up with preventive measures," concludes Sunday Mainichi.

July 1, 2007

Tuesday, July 03, 2007

Wi-fi 'victory' for school protesters in the UK

Wi-fi 'victory' for school protesters in the UK

nlnews@archant.co.uk
http://www.tottenhamjournal.co.uk
04 July 2007

WIRELESS internet technology in schools should be suspended and an "open and honest debate" on the issue should take place, an influential [Tottenham] council committee has recommended.

The call was made by councillors after months of debate on the issue, which has focused on Tetherdown School.

Anti-wi-fi campaigners, who made a presentation to overview and scrutiny members, were delighted by the outcome.

Sarah Purdy, who has fronted a campaign against wi-fi and mobile phone masts near schools, said: "I'm pleased. I hope the executive will approve the recommendations and I hope Tetherdown will take note while they can and get some cabling in the school."

Concerned parents last month appealed to the governors of Muswell Hill's Tetherdown School not to install wireless internet in a new building because of the possible health risks.

Despite objections during consultation on the plans, the school decided to press ahead with the wireless networks, which links computers using pulsed radiowaves in a similar way to mobile phones and phone masts.

Campaigners cited a recent Panorama programme in which Sir William Stewart, chairman of the Health Protection Agency (HPA), suggested potential health risks should be reviewed.

Councillor Emma Jones (Labour), Bruce Grove, said: "I, quite frankly, think we are frying children's brains. I'm really worried we going to wake up in 20 years with serious problems."

Mrs Purdy added: "We really don't know what we are doing to them."

Ian Bailey, deputy director of the children's and young people's services, made clear he was not at the meeting to advocate wi-fi technology.

He said: "A fairly cursory five minutes spent on the internet will reveal there is an awful lot on contradictory advice available."

He added: "Since the well-known Panorama documentary we have kept track of the advice that's been issued but the advice of the HPA has not changed since soon after the documentary."

The committee recommended the council should write to all schools notifying them of the council's concerns, suspend wi-fi use and installation, host an open seminar on the issue, promote hard wired internet, consult parents over installation and only switch wi-fi on when it's needed.

Councillor David Winskill (Liberal Democrat, Crouch End), said: "There are genuine questions and concerns over the use of wi-fi in Schools. Up to now we have had to rely on spin from the IT and telecoms industries.

"A properly organised, neutral seminar will at least give head teachers and governors the opportunity to make choices and decisions based on the best available information and advice."

The proposals must now be approved by the council's cabinet.

Nationally about 70 per cent of schools are using wi-fi technology.

http://www.emfacts.com/weblog/index.php?p=758

Saturday, June 30, 2007

Eileen O´Connor´s Story




Eileen O´Connor´s Story


United Kingdom

Contamination level: Feeling violently sick all the time.

Author: Eileen O´Connor Created: 1 Nov 2006 Updated: 1 Nov 2006 Viewed: 1578 time(s)

I have no doubt in my mind either that I am a victim to long term exposure to radiation from a phone mast. Almost five years ago I developed breast cancer at the age of 38 with no history of breast cancer in my family and living a healthy life style.

EMF Discussion Group at the Health Protection Agency for Radiation Protection (HPA - RPD) on 2nd March 2006

Created: 1 Nov 2006

October, 2006

Mobile Phone/Mast Radiation

I attended the first meeting for the EMF Discussion Group at the Health Protection Agency for Radiation Protection (HPA - RPD) on 2nd March 2006; the meeting was chaired by Sir William Stewart and included key people from the HPA, Department of Health, Mobile Operators Association (MOA) and representatives from campaign groups. It was a positive meeting and hopefully the first of many. Sir William has invited the EMF Discussion Group to provide a forum to consider health concerns related to exposure to EMFs and provide an input to EMF advice from the HPA.



Discussion needs to be followed up with action and I along with fellow members of the group are committed on behalf of EHS people, cancer patients and the many other people suffering with problems related to emfs to see this through to the end. I would like to take this opportunity to thank Sir William Stewart for opening up an important and urgent debate.

You will be pleased to know that the record note of the March 2nd meeting is now posted on the HPA web site. The second meeting is due to take place in October 2006.

The address is given below:

http://www.hpa.org.uk/radiation/understand/radiation_topics/emf/emfdg/index.htm

ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection) is reviewing its safety Guidelines for exposure to EMR - April 2006.

The U.S. Federal Communications Commission, (FCC's) exposure guidelines are considered protective of effects arising from a thermal mechanism but not from all possible mechanisms. Therefore, the generalisation by many that the guidelines protect human beings from harm by any or all mechanisms is not justified" Norbert Hankin, Key EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) scientist USA.

Dr.George. 'Carlo Carroll &Graff 2001'. Safe levels of exposure to all forms of radiation have been lowered continuously since the 1920s. They seem to get it wrong every time! From; Cell Phones Invisible Hazards in the Wireless Age.

The UK has allowed the highest output of radiation in the world. The UK recently adopted lower levels of radiation by accepting guidelines set by the International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection 'ICNIRP'. However, the ICNIRP standard does not offer any form of protection other than from the heating effects of microwave radiation. In other words ICNIRP only protects your body from properties of high levels of elevated temperatures. A very substantial body of peer reviewed science clearly shows many biological changes have already happened.

The Government and Health Protection Agency Radiation Protection (HPA RPD) -formerly known as the NRPB now admit that magnetic fields at the power levels of 0.4 microtesla doubles the risk of contracting leukaemia, whilst other European Countries have brought down their power levels to 1 or 2 microtesla, the UK remain 100 times higher.


See Telegraph news report: Pylon cancer fears put £7bn blight on house prices.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;jsessionid=KICYAAGPSMXEHQFIQMFSFFOAVCBQ0IV0?xml=/news/2006/04/29/npylons29.xml&sSheet=/portal/2006/04/29/ixportaltop.html

Other countries such as Taiwan and Vietnam are now taking measures to protect the public from EMF exposures.

Taiwan

http://www.digitimes.com/telecom/a20060316A9052.html

Electromagnetic radiation issues mean large costs for mobile-telecom carriers in Taiwan. Yinxuan Wang, Taipei; Adam Hwang, DigiTimes.com [Thursday 16 March 2006] According to TTIDA statistics, about 2,700 of 49,000 existing base stations around Taiwan were under protest and nearly 900 were finally demolished in 2005. The operators spent a total of more than (US$30.8 million) in dealing with such issues. This year, the total cost incurred is likely to rise to (US$61.7 million), the operators estimate.

Vietnam

http://www.thanhniennews.com/society/?catid=3&newsid=13602

Protective shielding to go up near high-voltage power lines

Some 2,099 households in central Vietnam are to be protected from dangerous electromagnetic fields emanating from a high-voltage power line with shielding technology, said Power Company No 2. The shields are to be set up to protect homes in line with Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) practice by end of March through central Vietnam, beginning in Gia Lai province and running north to Quang Binh province.

Leukemia, lymphoma and cancer of the nervous system are diseases that can be caused in children exposed to the powerful electromagnetic waves without protection.

The shield system is considered the most effective measure to combat the waves and effectively protect anyone that spends excessive periods of time near high-voltage power lines. Reported by Quang Thang - Translated by Thanh Tuan

A report on electronic smog by Geoffrey Lean, Environment Editor writing for the UK Independent news paper 7th May 2006. It states the curse of the mobile phone age: around your home there are countless gadgets whose electrical fields, scientists now warn, are linked to depression, miscarriage and cancer. Please go to enclosed website link for more information.

http://news.independent.co.uk/environment/article362557.ece

Reporter Nic Flemings article in the Telegraph 4/11/2005 reported Dr Jill Meara of the UK Health Protection Agency as saying people who think they suffer from electro-sensitivity should consider keeping their distance from electrical appliances. This was the advice from the Health Protection Agency following the Irvine report:

http://www.hpa.org.uk/radiation/publications/hpa_rpd_reports/index.htm

It is not good enough telling the estimated 2 million EHS people suffering to keep their distance from electric devices. What do you do if you have a phone mast next to your home? How do you keep away from that?

What sort of society are we living in when only certain people are allowed to earn a living, consigning the rest to live out their lives in pain, enforced poverty and isolation? By encouraging the proliferation of wireless devices, society has created an invisible under-class who are denied the opportunities available to everyone else. ES victims are often unable to use their talents and capabilities to earn a living through denial of access to transport and places most people take for granted. With other forms of disability, society has taken the view that such a situation is unacceptable and as legislated to ensure equal access and equal opportunity.

It is unacceptable to say "keep your distance from electrical appliances" or "Get over it, take a pain killer" then you could travel to work and be employed in our WiFi office surrounded by cordless and mobile phones". Why should EHS people in the UK be any different to the recognised EHS people in Sweden?

We want prevention and protection, we need to be treated with respect and honestly represented by the people in power we deserve nothing less.

The UK Government has taken over £22 billion in the selling of the licences to the mobile phone industry. They put £3.5 million back into research along with £3.5 million from the Mobile Phone Industry. Further support was announced on November, 04 for research on three additional studies for the MTHR programme. While we welcome further research, we are concerned that it lacks true independence and would prefer the funding to go to an independent group of scientists.

Other countries medical professions recognise that some people are sensitive to non-ionising radiation. Sweden now has a medical register of 285,000 and California 700,000. We believe these figures are underestimated, since many people are not aware that their symptoms are connected to a condition known as electro-sensitivity or hypersensitivity (EHS) people. However, if the same figures apply to the UK this could indicate over 2.1 million people are knowingly or unknowingly affected to environmental fields (EMF).

Sir William Stewart, head of the UK's Health Protection Agency (HPA), has called for the precautionary principle to be invoked, especially where children are concerned, as they will absorb a higher dose of radiation and for a longer period of time.

We are now seeing evidence of cancer clusters appearing in radiation from phone masts after long-term exposure, throughout the UK. There appears to be a cancer epidemic across Europe with younger people developing this deadly disease.

The Naila Study, Germany (November 2004) – This study, conducted over 10 years was released by The Federal Agency for Radiation Protection, Germany. Medical doctors compiled case histories since 1994 – 2004, looking at heightened risk of taking ill with malignant tumours. They discovered a threefold increase after five years exposure to microwave radiation from a mobile phone mast transmitter for up to 400 metres distance, compared to those patients living further away.

A study carried out by Ronni Wolf MD and Danny Wolf MD, Kaplan Medical Centre, Israel (April 2004) discovered a fourfold increase in cancer within 350 metres after long-term exposure to microwave radiation from a mobile phone mast and a tenfold increase specifically among women, compared to patients living away from the masts.

Six other short-term mobile phone mast studies have also found significant health effects such as headaches, dizziness, depression, fatigue, sleep disorder, difficulty in concentration and cardiovascular problems:

1)H-P Hutter, H Moshammer, P Wallner and M Kundi

http://oem.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/abstract/63/5/307

Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations: Conclusion: Despite very low exposure to HF-EMF, effects on wellbeing and performance cannot be ruled out, as shown by recently obtained experimental results; however, mechanisms of action at these low levels are unknown.

2) Santini et al (Paris) [Pathologie Biologie (Paris)] 2002

http://www.emrnetwork.org/position/santini_hearing_march6_02.pdf

3) Netherlands Ministries of Economic Affairs, Housing, Spatial Planning and Environment and Health Welfare and Sport. (TNO) 2003

http://www.unizh.ch/phar/sleep/handy/tnoabstractE.htm

4)The Microwave Syndrome – Further Aspect of a Spanish Study – Oberfeld Gerd. Press International Conference in Kos (Greece), 2004

http://www.mindfully.org/Technology/2004/Microwave-Syndrome-Oberfeld1may04.htm


5) Austrian scientists Dr Gerd Oberfeld send out a press release 1 May 2005 with this report:
'A study in Austria examined radiation from a mobile phone mast at a distance of 80 metres; EEG tests of 12 electro-sensitive people proved significant changes in the electrical currents of the brains. Volunteers for the test reported symptoms like buzzing in the head, palpitations of the heart, un-wellness, light headedness, anxiety, breathlessness, respiratory problems, nervousness, agitation, headache, tinnitus, heat sensation and depression.

6)Bamberg, Germany 26-April, 2005
Dr C Waldmann-Selsam, Dr U. Säeger,
Bamberg, Oberfranken evaluated the medical complaints of 356 people who have had long-term [radiation] exposure in their homes from pulsed high frequency magnetic fields (from mobile phone base stations, from cord-less DECT telephones, amongst others).

People suffer from one, several or many of the following symptoms:
Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea:

Open letter to German Prime Minister following from the Bamberger study http://www.tetrawatch.net/links/links.php?id=stoiberlet

If you compare the results of the "Bamberger Appell" study to "The Microwave Syndrome – Further Aspects of a Spanish Study Oberfeld & Navarro 2004". Both studies seem to show the same symptoms being reported at the same level of powerflux density.

Campaign groups have also been working with retired physicist Dr John Walker. Six studies now show an increase in serious illness appearing in radiation from masts after long-term exposure. I would suggest that the threefold increase found in the Naila study up to 400m and the fourfold increase found in the Israel study will be much higher. These figures will be diluted; they will have taken in the whole area within the 350/400m range. Dr John Walker's research clearly shows the clusters of illness appear in radiation at exposures of around 1.5v/m, which is below the guidelines significantly permitting around 40 to 50 v/m (varying according to microwave frequency). . We believe the increase will be approx 10 to 12 per cent within concentrated areas see examples at 

http://www.starweave.com/gallery/

This situation demands proper and full investigation.

The hamlet of Wishaw is a prime example:

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2003/04/25/nmast25.xml

Five ladies developed breast cancer
One case of prostrate cancer
One bladder cancer
One lung cancer
Three cases of pre-cancer cervical cells
One motor neurone disease age 51, who also had massive tumour removed from the top of his spine.
People have developed benign lumps
Electro-sensitivity
Three cases of severe skin rashes
Many villagers suffering with sleep problems, headaches, dizziness and low immune system problems.
Horse with blood problems, continuous treatment needed by the vet.

Out of the eighteen houses surrounding the mast at up to a range of 500 metres, 77% of the tiny hamlet had health related illness believed to be as a result of radiation from the mast. The out break of illness occurred in 2001 after seven years of exposure to the radiation emitted by the T-Mobile mast. We are now in contact/communication with many people who are suffering from this form of radiation throughout the UK and Europe.

One other important fact is that since the Wishaw Mast vanished on November 2003, many of the residents are reporting a restored feeling of well-being. The residents are reporting improvement in their sleep patterns and increased energy levels. The headaches and dizzy symptoms have disappeared. We have recently seen a baby boom with three babies born in the village, one of the ladies had previously had treatment for pre-cancer cervical cells, another had previously suffered a miscarriage. We have also seen a return of wildlife in the area and the horse has since recovered and is now strong and healthy and no longer needs treatment. Finally a tree has blossomed for the first time in 10 years in line with the mast.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2003/11/30/nmast30.xml&sSheet=/news/2003/11/30/ixhome.html

Many animal studies have shown biological effects. The most recent study White Stork Ciconia ciconia by Alfonso Balmori Valladolid, Spain is published in Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 24: 109-119, 2005.]

Behavioural observations of white stork nesting sites up to 300 metres were carried out. Productivity and behavioural observations were made. The results have shown microwaves are interfering with reproduction which is comparable with other lab studies.

Loscher and Kas of Universities of Hannover Veterinary School and University of the German Army in Munich 1998.

A study funded by the Bavarian State Government in Germany following reported adverse health effects in dairy cattle after a Telecoms Mast had been erected. There was a significant drop in the milk yield of that herd of cattle and Extraordinary Behaviour Disorders in some of the cows related to the microwave transmissions from that Mast. When the cattle were moved away from its vicinity after a period the milk yield and the behaviour of that herd was totally restored to normal. However, when the cattle were returned to the mast environment their symptoms returned.

Animal studies are of great importance as biological effects cannot be put down to psychological effects.

Microwaves seem to also be interfering with human reproduction according to a recent paper by Dr Imre Fejes of the obstetrics and gynaecology department at the University of Szeged in Hungary who concludes: "The prolonged use of cell phones may have a negative effect on sperm production and male fertility that deteriorates both concentration and motility." See news report: 

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2087-1159951,00.html

The effects of EMR are being felt by wildlife and the environment as a whole, Birds, bees, worms, trees are all being affected. We need to fight for not only the future of mankind but for the future of the whole environment.

Vienna physicians are displaying information posters in doctor's surgeries. They state radiation from mobile phones is far from being harmless as they have been told by the cell phone companies. They have therefore, in order to act responsibly, the Chamber of Doctors in Vienna, Austria, has decided to inform people about potential medical risks.

Medical Doctors are also campaigning for precaution.
Finland: Helsinki Appeal 2005

http://www.emrpolicy.org/news/headlines/helsinki_appeal_05.pdf

The Helsinki Appeal 2005 from EMF Team Finland calls on the European Parliament to act promptly for the adoption of the new safety standard in the European Union. Physicians and researchers, feel great concern about the Precautionary Principle not being sufficiently applied to electromagnetic fields. They want the standards recommended by ICNIRP to be rejected, because recent scientific studies report various disturbances caused by mobile phone and other RF radiation. They also appeal to the European Community to take prompt measures for solving the refunding of the REFLEX project, which showed evidence of genotoxic effects of mobile phone radiation and should be continued:

http://www.emrpolicy.org/

The Irish Doctors' Environmental Association believes that a sub-group of the population are particularly sensitive to exposure to different types of electro-magnetic radiation. The safe levels currently advised for exposure to this non-ionising radiation are based solely on its thermal effects. However, it is clear that this radiation also has non-thermal effects, which need to be taken into consideration when setting these safe levels. The electro-sensitivity experienced by some people results in a variety of distressing symptoms which must also be taken into account when setting safe levels for exposure to non-ionising radiation and when planning the siting of masts and transmitters.

Catania Resolution September 13-14, 2002, 16 world leading scientists at the International Conference State of the Research on Electromagnetic Fields, Scientific and Legal Issues, by ISPESL*, the University of Vienna, and the City of Catania, held in Catania (Italy) on September, 2002, Thirty GPs in Liverpool

http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/0100news/0100regionalnews/tm_objectid=13656858&method=full&siteid=50061-name_page.html

It was reported in the Liverpool Echo on November 2003 "bad medicine". A group of thirty, hospital doctors and consultants have signed a petition over the installation of a mast which they believe is a risk to health.

Freiburger Appeal

http://www.laleva.cc/environment/freiburger_appeal.html

In October 2002 a team of German medical doctors started the Freiburger Appeal. After seeing a dramatic rise in severe and chronic diseases, they have noted a clear temporal and spatial correlation between disease and exposure to microwave radiation. The appeal has since been signed by thousands of doctors.

My oncologist and breast cancer surgeon supplied me with a letter on 9th December 2003 stating that "we agree that there is some scientific evidence that suggests microwaves can damage cells but as yet there is no direct evidence that this is a problem in humans. We would agree that this issue needs to be raised at the highest level and funding released to support the debate and independent research to get a definitive answer."

Furthermore, the Russians, Chinese and many other parts of Europe are rejecting ICNIRP standards and are concerned about the biological effects. The Ministry of Chinese Health revealed that in the last ten years studies on radiation similar to that emitted by the mobile phone industry have shown a majority of results are showing biological effects. Out of 154 studies, 88 or 57% have shown biological effects such as cancer, genetic molecular and cellular changes, electro physiology effects, behaviour changes etc. in a survey by Dr Henry Lai, Washington University, Seattle 2003. It said that the amount of evidence for biological effects and the characteristics of these are so alarming, that all efforts should be dedicated to find a way to minimize these effects.

China held an International Conference September 2005 in order to discuss and establish Asian Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ACNIRP). Research scientists have found that relatively low-level of RF (radio-frequency) radiation can lead to DNA breaks.

The REFLEX report also highlights RF-induced DNA breaks. The REFLEX project was set up to investigate the effects of low-levels of RF radiation on cellular systems; cost of approximately $3 million. The work was carried out by 12 research groups in seven European countries. Yet again it was shown RF radiation could increase the number of DNA breaks in exposed cells and could also activate a stress response – the production of heat shock proteins.

It was clear chromosome damage could be seen in the cell exposed to mobile phone radiation over 24 hour's exposure at SAR level 1.3W/kg, ICNIRP/WHO level = 2W/kg, similar chromosome damage can be seen in the cell exposed to irradiation equal to 1600 chest x-rays.

You can view an image of the comet-assay cell damage on Dr Gerd Oberfeld's Westminster Presentation on www.radiationresearch.org
Full report visit: http://www.verum-foundation.de/www2004/html/pdf/euprojekte01/REFLEX_Final%20Report_Part%201.pdf

The Daily Mail reported a 25% increase in young people being hit by mouth cancer on 25/9/05. The British Dental Health Foundation (BDHF) said risk factors are normally caused by smoking and drinking, however none of these are common risks in younger people. The figure is forecast to rise sharply in the next ten years, with people in their twenties and thirties increasingly vulnerable. (Daily Mail Report 10/11/03).

I am concerned that radiation from phones will intensify around the mouth if children or adults are wearing braces or have fillings, metal intensifies radiation. See statement: http://www.chemistryquestion.com/English/Questions/ChemistryInDailyLife/23c_microwave_metal.html . This is an area that needs urgent attention!!!

Also enclosed recent BBC report on 50% increase in cancer in teenagers as reported byTim Eden - from Manchester's Christie hospital http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4366606.stm

I have taken this fight to Westminster, visited Director Generals in Brussels along with fellow trustee Mike Bell and scientists Dr Oberfeld and Professor Olle Johansson. I have given evidence to Birmingham and Liverpool City Council, met with Merseyside Fire Authority along side Dr Gerard Hyland and given presentations to 100's of packed meetings throughout the UK.

I attended a meeting with Health Secretary Patricia Hewitt on 6th January 2006 along with fellow trustee for the EM-Radiation Research Trust, Brian Stein. We presented her with a huge file of research/information for the Department of Health to consider. I summed up the meeting by quoting a paragraph taken from evidence provided by Robert O. Becker, M.D. in evidence given to Birmingham City Council Scrutiny Committee, quote:

Dr Robert O. Becker – twice nominated for the Nobel Prize

"I have no doubt in my mind that at the present time, the greatest polluting element in the earth's environment is the proliferation of electromagnetic fields. I consider that to be far greater on a global scale, than warming, and the increase in chemical elements in the environment.''

Overall background radiation is excessive not least because we have eleven national infrastructures, four GSM operators, five 3G, one TETRA and shortly the Network Rail GSM. No other utilities duplicate their infrastructures, yet maintain competition. Further, the mobile phone operators have gone far beyond being a utility, into hi-tech mass marketing of entertainment and business services.

The phone industry are un-elected officials who forcefully and undemocratically ignore the wishes and concerns of local communities.

For the sake of us all especially our children, non-ionising radiation is a high priority for public health. Mobile phone networks should use the lowest possible exposure values, exclusion zones for masts from schools and homes should be brought in based on current empirical evidence. A huge education programme should be launched providing public information, encouraging the use of mobile phones for emergency use only.

Mrs Eileen O'Connor
Trustee – EM Radiation Research Trust – www.radiationresearch.org
Founder – SCRAM (Seriously Concerned Residents Against Masts) www.scram.uk.com

Quotes:

There may be times when we are powerless to prevent injustice, but there must never be a time when we fail to protest.

- Elie Wiesel

It is the spirit and not the form of law that keeps justice alive.

- Earl Warren

You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.

- Buckminster Fuller


I am almost scared to say that I am now almost five years clear of this terrible disease Created: 1 Nov 2006

Read the following paragraph by Dr Robert O. Becker, M.D. he was twice nominated for the Nobel Prize for his research into EMF's.

"I have no doubt in my mind that at the present time, the greatest polluting element in the earth's environment is the proliferation of electromagnetic fields. I consider that to be far greater on a global scale, than warming, and the increase in chemical elements in the environment.''

I have no doubt in my mind either that I am a victim to long term exposure to radiation from a phone mast. Almost five years ago I developed breast cancer the age of 38 with no history of breast cancer in my family and living a healthy life style.

In a recent report on 21/9/2006 the head of cancer registry in Berlin, Roland Stabenow informed the residents of Steinbach-Hallenberg in a recent conference, that there is an increase of 7 fold in breast cancer in their area (an area with cellular antennas). He emphasized that this is not a proof that the increase is linked to the antennas. He also talked about the causes of breast cancer. The attention to the place was drawn after a map was prepared by the residents and the cancer cases are near the antennas.

I am almost scared to say that I am now almost five years clear of this terrible disease and it had an enormous impact on my life and the lives of my family. It has been a long hard battle not only against breast cancer, but also against the insensitive siting of the T-Mobile phone mast which was 100 metres from my home. I now live in a cancer cluster which is one of many we have since discovered around phone masts after long term exposure. Thankfully the T-Mobile mast was torn down on 5th November 2003, go to the following link for more information: http://icbirmingham.icnetwork.co.uk/0100news/0100localnews/content_objectid=13895464_method=full_siteid=50002_headline=-Villagers-blaming-phone-mast-for-cancer-cases-name_page.html

I have continued to campaign 24/7 and am now at the highest level. I am now a member of the EMF Discussion Group which is chaired by Sir William Stewart, Chairman for the Health Protection Agency for the UK; please see enclosed details which include a link to minutes of our first meeting in March.

Our next meeting is on 16th October, 2006 at the Health Protection Agency in London. I have received an invitation to give a presentation to the group on mobile phone masts and health concerns. We are also discussing EMFs and the effects on melatonin and breast cancer. There have been concerns that exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) might increase the risk of breast cancer.

There is evidence in abundance in support of the hypothesis that EMFs affects melatonin levels and the risk of breast cancer. There is a desperate need for INDEPENDENT funding for scientists to carry out this important work.

Please read the following critique of the HPA-RPD Melatonin Report, by Professor Dennis Henshaw, Bristol University published on 2nd March 2006
http://www.electric-fields.bris.ac.uk/CritAGNIR.htm

People can take measures to help avoid EMFs by using mobile phones for emergency calls only.
Stop using DECT phones, replace them with a fixed land line phones and also avoid wireless communication until a safer technology becomes available. But what do you do if there is a mast next to your home or wireless communication in your school or work place, how do you keep away from that?

If only I'd known about the research in connection with EMF's, I might have realised that it is not a good idea to live 100 metres from a 22.5 metre phone mast. Out of our tiny hamlet in Wishaw four other ladies developed breast cancer at the same time out of the 18 houses around surrounding the mast and one man died of motor neurone disease. I had been living next to the mast for over seven years before I was diagnosed with breast cancer. If only I had been told about the dangers, I might have realised that the years of suffering with sleep problems, headaches, vertigo, skin rashes, heart palpitations and low white blood cells had all been connected to radiation from the phone mast. This is a condition now known as electro sensitivity (EHS) I now realise that I am electro-sensitive mainly to microwave frequencies from phone masts and DECT phones. Don't be left using the words 'If only'! Isn't it better to be safe today rather than sorry tomorrow?

I have since campaigned constantly visiting the UK Parliament and have met many MPs, including Health Secretary Patricia Hewitt and Solicitor General Mike O'Brien. Our Prime Minister Tony Blair has refused to meet with me despite many requests from a number of MPs. He was quoted in the Birmingham Evening Mail as saying "he was more concerned about the damages to business and industry", could this have anything to do with the £22.5 billion pounds they took selling the licences to the phone industry?

I have given evidence at many Inquires in the UK and have visited the European Parliament in Brussels with Professor Olle Johansson and Dr Gerd Oberfeld.

A UK Ex-Government Military Scientist Barrie Trower, trained spies in microwave warfare and has given out the following statement:

"This Government, some of the Government Scientists and this Industry will be responsible for more deaths in peace time than any terrorist group in the world ever!"

I have enclosed a short 8 minute film which is worth watching, just click on the flag and wait a few minutes for it to download, it will give you an idea of the campaign in the UK. It has now been translated into French, German and Spanish.

Thank you to French – "Next up" Campaign Group for translating the enclosed film into other languages for people around the world to view. The film was produced by a group of media students from the University of Central England and captures the phone mast campaign in the UK.


Eileen
www.scram.uk.com

Version FRANCAISE et/and ENGLISH
www.next-up.org/film_3.php


Version DEUTSCHE und/and ENGLISH
www.next-up.org/film_3_de.php

Kind Regards
Eileen O'Connor
Trustee – EM Radiation Research Trust
www.radiationresearch.org


Wednesday, June 27, 2007

CELL PHONE USE CAN BE DEADLY!

Everything I have read on this subject supports 100% what is stated below. The only reason that some reports state that the research is "inconclusive" has to do with the fact that "research" (if you can really call it that) sponsored by the cell-phone industry is purposefully meant to confound the sound research brought to us by the ethical researchers. After all, if it were (which it really is btw) conclusive, then it would open the cell-phone industry up to hundreds of billions of dollars in litigation ( i.e. law suits) - which I predict will eventually happen anyhow. It is just a matter of time. Like they say, "You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of the people all of the time, but you can't fool all of the people all of the time." Well, the cell phone industry has already fooled most of the people most of the time. But they cannot do it forever. There are just too many people getting sick from this. It is just a matter of time before people figure it out!

Art KAB

CELL PHONE USE CAN BE DEADLY!

Following are just a few of the studies that show the risks associated with exposure to mobile phone radiation.

Microwave Radiation Causes Eye Damage - A study published in the journal Bioelectromagnetics showed that the microwave radiation from cell phones cause cataracts and other eye damage by creating tiny air pockets in the lense of the eye.

Microwave Radiation Damages DNA - A four year study conducted by the European Union (EU) by 12 research groups in 7 European countries found that radiation from cell phones harm body cells and damages DNA. The damaged DNA was passed on to subsequent generations of cells, a condition for the formation of cancer.

Cell Phone Usage Causes Tumors - A team of researchers at Institute of Environmental Medicine at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, found almost a fourfold increase of the tumors, known as acoustic neuromas, on the side of the head where the phone was most often held. A recent study sanctioned by the World Health Organization found an increased risk of brain tumors in people who have used the phones for 10 years or more.

Cell Phone Usage Disrupts Children's Brains - A study conducted by the Spanish Neuro Diagnostic Research Institute in Marbella found that two minutes of cell phone usage disrupted brain function in children for up to an hour after the exposure ended. The abnormal brain function could result in psychiatric and behavioural problems and impair learning ability.

Cell Phone Usage Causes Sterility in Women and might be the reason for birth defects and damaging the growth of embryos. A study of researchers in Switzerland on over 10 000 women between 18 and 25 confirmed tests already made on animals.

Cell Phone Usage Cuts Male Fertility - Research results show that mobile phone usage reduces sperm count and damages surviving sperm.

Micrwoave Radiation Causes Brain Damage - A study headed by Leif Salford, Department of Neurosurgery at Lund University in Sweden and published in Environmental Health Perspectives shows that cell phone use damages neurons in the brain.

The Head Absorbs Radiation - Headaches, nausea, dizziness, short-term memory problems, fatigue, and other complaints resulting from cellular phone use are not due to low-level heating of the brain; instead, they're apparently caused by the head serving as an "antenna" and brain tissue as a radio receiver, according to two Jerusalem researchers" Thus, precaution must be taken in the use of cellphones, they wrote.

Mobile Phone Signals Affect Brain Activity - A study reported in the Journal of Sleep Research ( Blackwell Publishing) found that 30 minutes exposure to electromagnetic fields, as from GSM mobile phones, caused changes to brain activity which lasted long afterwards. Dr Peter Achermann and colleagues from the University of Zurich , and ITIS, in Zurich , found that blood flow increased in areas of the brain on the side nearest the phone, and that this effect lasted for over half an hour afterwards. They also discovered that the brain's electrical activity ('brain waves') was not only affected immediately after the exposure, but that this lasted through much of the subsequent night's sleep.

Radiation From Cell Phones Make Cancer Grow Faster - "Italian scientists have raised new health concerns about the safety of using mobile phones, with research showing radio waves from the handsets makes cancerous cells grow more aggressively.." Reuters , 10/23/02

Cell Phone Radiation Cause Brain Tumors - An epidemiology study conducted by Dr. Lennart Hardell found a higher incidence of brain tumors on the sides of heads used by mobile-phone subscribers to make and receive calls. The study was published in the August, 2002 issue of the European Journal of Cancer Prevention.

Cell Phones Increase Blood Pressure - The June 1998 The Lancet reported that radiation from mobiles caused an increase of blood pressure. Just as the tobacco industry was able to hold back the truth regarding the health effects of smoking, the cell phone industry has suppressed the truth about cell phone hazards. If you care about your health and the health of your family, take the time to educate yourself and have the courage to act on what you find. Even if you don't care about yourself you should consider the burden you will place on others by deliberately damaging your health. Who will take care of you when you are too sick to care for yourself?

Reuters report, "FDA to review wireless-phone safety" , April 6, 2006.

Swedish researchers said last month that the use of cellular phones over a long period of time can raise the risk of brain tumors. ... Those who heavily used wireless phones had a 240 percent increased risk of a cancerous tumor on the side of the head where they used their phone, they reported.

British research group warns that children under 16 should refrain from using mobile phones because of possible health effects on growing children - smaller heads, less intelligence.

Recent studies confirm that cell and cordless phone can:

* Damage nerves in the scalp

* Cause blood cells to leak hemoglobin

* Cause memory loss and mental confusion

* Cause headaches and induce extreme fatigue

* Create joint pain, muscle spasms and tremors

* Alter the brain's electrical activity during sleep

* Induce ringing ! in the ears, impair sense of smell

* Precipitate cataracts, retina damage and eye cancer

* Open the blood-brain barrier to viruses and toxins

* Reduce the number and efficiency of white blood cells

* Stimulate asthma by producing histamine in mast cells

* Cause digestive problems and raise bad cholesterol levels

* Stress the endocrine system, especially pancreas, thyroid, ovaries, testes

* Causes female sterility and birth defects

What you can do to reduce your risk:

Simply don't use a cell phone, wireless network (WiFi) or live near a cell phone tower (Mast). Don't stand close to someone who is using a cell phone.

Switch off your phone during the night, and when not expecting"important" calls.
Minimize the length of calls as much as possible.

If you know where the nearest cell phone tower is don't put yourself between it and your phone, otherwise the signal travels straight through your head to get to the tower.

Extend the antenna and hold it the phone away from the head when possible.

In your car use a hands-free kit with an external antenna and keep the phone away from your body. The external antenna should be as far away from you as possible.

Don't stay in hotels with wireless networks (WiFi) or patronize other businesses with wireless networks (WiFi). Inform your neighbors and friends of the danger of using mobile phones.

Express your concerns to your employer, landlord, your family and everyone else you know.